भारतीय अंतरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन (इसरो) नियोजित चंद्रयान-4 मिशन (Chandrayaan-4 mission)

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is advancing its lunar exploration efforts with the planned Chandrayaan-4 mission, which is targeted for launch in 2028. The mission is considered to be India’s first lunar sample-return attempt, targeting the south pole region of the Moon.

Mission Overview:

Objective: Collect lunar soil and rock samples from the south pole of the Moon and return them to Earth for detailed analysis.

Mission Architecture: Chandrayaan-4 will consist of multiple modules, including a lander, ascender, transfer module, and re-entry module. The mission will be executed in two phases, using two LVM3 launch vehicles. The modules will be launched separately, assembled in Earth orbit through docking maneuvers, and then proceed to the lunar surface.

Technological Innovations: The mission will demonstrate advanced capabilities such as in-orbit docking, autonomous sample collection, and safe re-entry of lunar material into Earth’s atmosphere. These technologies are critical for future complex space missions.

Recent developments:

Leadership change: V. Narayanan has been appointed as the new chairman of ISRO in place of S. Somanath. Under his leadership, ISRO is focusing on missions such as Chandrayaan-4, Gaganyaan and development of the Indian Space Station.

Government approval: In September 2024, the Union Cabinet headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the Chandrayaan-4 mission. The mission is expected to be completed within 36 months, with the first module of the Indian Space Station to be launched in 2028.

Preliminary mission: ISRO plans to conduct the Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) by the end of the year to demonstrate in-orbit docking capabilities, a key technology for the Chandrayaan-4 mission.

Chandrayaan-4 is a significant milestone in India’s space exploration programme, aimed at enhancing our understanding of the lunar surface and providing valuable scientific data to the global community.